Diorite
Diorite is a coarse-grained igneous rock intermediate in composition between granite and gabbro. It typically has a salt-and-pepper appearance with dark and light minerals. Diorite forms from magma that cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface and is commonly used in construction and as decorative stone.
Physical Properties of Diorite
| Texture | Phaneritic |
| Colors | Gray, dark gray, black and white speckled |
| Magnetism | Non-magnetic |
| Grain Size | Coarse-grained |
| Hardness | 6-7 |
| Density | 2.7-2.9 g/cm³ |
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Chemical Properties of Diorite
Main Elements:
Si, Al, Ca, Na, Fe, Mg, O
Chemical Composition:
SiO₂ 52-63%, Al₂O₃ 16-18%, CaO 5-10%, Na₂O 2-5%, FeO 3-8%, MgO 1-5%
Health Risk of Diorite
Diorite dust can cause respiratory irritation. Contains silica, so wear protective masks when cutting or grinding.
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Market Price:
Polished: $0.30-$2 per piece
Raw/Tumbled: $2-$10 per piece
Characteristics of Diorite
Density:
2.7-2.9 g/cm³
Compressive Strength:
100-250 MPa
Melting Point:
950-1100°C
Formation:
Forms from intermediate composition magma that cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface (plutonic).
Composition:
Composed mainly of plagioclase feldspar, hornblende, and biotite, with little or no quartz.
Types:
- Quartz Diorite
- Hornblende Diorite
- Biotite Diorite
Etymology:
Derived from the Greek word "diorizein" meaning "to distinguish", referring to its intermediate composition.
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Cultural Significance of Diorite
Uses:
- Construction
- Decorative stone
- Monuments
- Countertops
Distribution:
Found worldwide, especially in mountain ranges and continental crust
Historical Use:
Used in ancient architecture and monuments. The famous Code of Hammurabi was carved on a diorite stele.
Symbolism:
Represents balance and intermediate nature
Frequently Asked Questions
What is diorite used for?
Diorite is used in construction, decorative stone, monuments, and countertops due to its durability and attractive appearance.
How does diorite differ from granite?
Diorite has less quartz and more dark minerals than granite, giving it a salt-and-pepper appearance rather than granite's lighter, more uniform look.
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