Calcite
Calcite is a carbonate mineral that forms limestone and marble. It reacts with acid and is commonly found in caves as stalactites and stalagmites. Calcite crystals are transparent to translucent and can display beautiful colors, making them popular with collectors.
Physical Properties of Calcite
| Texture | Crystalline |
| Colors | Colorless, white, yellow, orange, pink, blue, green |
| Magnetism | Non-magnetic |
| Grain Size | Variable |
| Hardness | 3 |
| Density | 2.71 g/cm³ |
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Chemical Properties of Calcite
Main Elements:
Ca, C, O
Chemical Composition:
CaCO₃ (Calcium Carbonate)
Health Risk of Calcite
Calcite dust can cause respiratory irritation. Generally safe to handle, but avoid inhaling dust.
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Market Price:
Polished: $0.10 – $2 per piece
Raw/Tumbled: $0.50 – $5 per piece
Characteristics of Calcite
Density:
2.71 g/cm³
Compressive Strength:
Variable
Melting Point:
825°C (decomposes)
Formation:
Forms from marine organisms or precipitates from mineral-rich water. Common in caves and marine environments.
Composition:
Composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), making it reactive with acids.
Types:
- Iceland Spar
- Dogtooth Calcite
- Scalenohedral Calcite
Etymology:
Derived from the Latin word "calx" meaning "lime", referring to its calcium content.
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Cultural Significance of Calcite
Uses:
- Cement production
- Optical instruments
- Decorative items
- Jewelry
- Construction
Distribution:
Found worldwide, especially in Mexico, United States, Iceland, and China
Historical Use:
Calcite crystals were used in World War II for gun sights because they split light into two images (double refraction).
Symbolism:
Represents clarity, purification, and spiritual growth
Frequently Asked Questions
What is calcite used for?
Calcite is used in cement production, optical instruments, decorative items, and construction materials.
Does calcite react with acid?
Yes, calcite reacts with acids, producing carbon dioxide bubbles. This is a key identifying feature.
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