Serpentinite

Main Elements:

Mg, Si, O, H

Chemical Composition:

Primarily serpentine minerals: Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄, with water content

Density:

2.5-2.7 g/cm³

Compressive Strength:

Variable

Melting Point:

Decomposes with heat

Formation:

Forms when ultramafic rocks like peridotite are hydrated and metamorphosed, often in fault zones or at plate boundaries.

Composition:

Composed mainly of serpentine group minerals (antigorite, chrysotile, lizardite), which are hydrated magnesium silicates.

Types:

• Antigorite Serpentinite
• Chrysotile Serpentinite
• Lizardite Serpentinite

Etymology:

Named for its serpent-like appearance and green color, from the Latin "serpens" meaning "snake".

Uses:

• Decorative stone
• Jade substitute
• Scientific study
• Ophiolite research

Distribution:

Found in fault zones, ophiolites, and areas where ultramafic rocks have been hydrated

Historical Use:

Used as decorative stone and sometimes mistaken for jade. Important for understanding plate tectonics and ophiolites.

Symbolism:

Represents transformation, water, and Earth's deep processes

Is serpentinite dangerous?

Some varieties of serpentinite may contain asbestos fibers (chrysotile). Handle with care and avoid creating dust. Always wash hands after handling.

Why is serpentinite important?

Serpentinite is important for understanding plate tectonics, as it forms in fault zones and is associated with ophiolites (pieces of oceanic crust).